How to treat disease with exercise

Regular exercise can prevent many health problems, and prevents diseases like diabetes, asthma and arthritis.

Exercise improves endurance, builds muscle, burns fat, and increases flexibility.

Diabetes
Diabetic who exercise regularly build muscle, making them less likely to store extra glucose as fat. It also lowers glucose in the blood and improves insulin sensitivity.

Asthma
It strengthen lungs and prevents regular attack.

Arthritis
Exercise reduces pain related to arthritis.

Solution to hair loss

Dr Edward Ball, a leading UK hair transplant surgeon from specialist London centre The Maitland Clinic, said the common causes of hair loss are hormonal and genetic.

There are many causes of hair loss: stress, nutrient deficiency and illness. Regular exercise and sound sleep can restore the hair.

Apart from all these, testosterone derivative dihydrotestosterone (DHT) can results in the hair cycle getting shorter and the hair follicles shrinking until they eventually disappear.

Some people are genetically more sensitive to the effects of DHT, which leads to rapid hair loss. Hair loss caused by DHT and a genetic disposition may required surgical treatments.

Artificial intelligence has potential to fight blindness

Researchers from the Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University have discovered a way to use artificial intelligence to fight condition of diabetes that affects the eyes.

Researchers  used deep-learning methods to create an automated algorithm to detect diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a condition that damages the blood vessels at the back of the eye and later cause blindness.

 Artificial intelligence-based grading algorithm can be used to identify, with high reliability, which patients should go for treatments.

Dr. Leng and his colleagues created an algorithm based on more than 75,000 images from a wide range of patients from different ethnicities, and then used it to teach a computer to identify healthy patients and those that need treatment.

Dr. Leng's algorithm could identify all disease stages with an accuracy rate of 94 percent. Opthalmologist diagnose
 the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy by direct examination of the back of the eye.

Soy can ease painful inflammatory bowel disease symptoms

Eating soy regularly could ease painful inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms.

Researchers have discovered addition of staple beans to a sufferer's repertoire may improve symptoms of weight loss and an enlarged spleen.

The most common forms of IBD are Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD). UC affects the colon and
rectum.

Researchers from Pennsylvania State University induced mice with a condition similar to Ulcerative Colitis UC. They added a soy-protein
concentrate into their diet and removed other protein sources.

 Amy Wopperer, the study author, said: 'Soy-protein concentrate calm markers of colonic inflammation and loss of gut barrier function in the mice with induced IBD.'

The mice were given a soy-protein concentrate of 12 per cent, which was based on the amount humans generally consume. The concentrate also protect human bowel cells.

Solution to skin cancer

Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, the three types of skin cancer: malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) - are mainly caused by UV exposure through the sun.

However, a new drug which is normally used to treat high blood pressure, may protect against sun induced cell damage. Western University of Health
Sciences in the US found the drug, carvedilol, for sun cancer treatment.

It stopped cancer-causing DNA damage and cell death produced by ultraviolet-B (UVB) rays. The drug decreased the  severity and number of tumours developing in mice and also delayed skin tumour formation more than sun cream.

According to Cancer Research UK, sunburn is a sign the DNA in your skin cells has been damaged by too much UV radiation. Exposure to painful sunburn
 just once every two years, can increase your risk of melanoma skin cancer.

You can prevent sunburn by wearing clothes that cover every part of your body and application of suncream with an SPF above 30 and five star UVA rating more than 20 minutes before going outside.

How brain controls appetite

According to scientists, leptin is a hormone released by fasting tissue that reduces appetite while grelin hormone is released by stomach tissue that make us to eat more.

Professor Kazuyoshi Ukena of Hiroshima University discovered Neurosecretory Protein GL NPGL, and explained that hunger and energy systems are complex.

Professor Ukena first discovered NPGL in chickens when he discovered that growing birds grow rapidly even if they don't eat good food. Researchers at HU
performed a DNA database search and discovered that  NPGL is present in vertebrates.

Professor Ukena's team fed three groups of mice, on different diets, the first set of mice- low-calorie diet for 24 hours, the second group - high fat diet for 5 weeks and the third group high fat diet for 13 weeks.

They discovered that the mice  fed on a low calorie diet have an increase in NPGL expression, while the 5-week high-fat-diet group saw a large decrease in NPGL expression. Mice fed on high fat diet are not sensitive to appetite suppressing effects.

NPGL  increases appetite when energy levels fall and reduces appetite during energy overload.

New drug for heart attack damage

Heart attack can leads to heart failure. During heart attack, heart suffers enlargement and scarring. Hormone
used by body builders can prevent scarring and enlargement of heart after attack.

Cork University Hospital examined 50 heart attack patients and discovered that the heart of those that used higher dose of IGF1 -( insulin-like growth factor) prevented them from experiencing heart failure.

Different people were selected to use two different low doses of IGF1, after using the drug, their scans results shows that 16 people that used the drug did not have enlargement of heart muscle and scarring after two months.

Repairing the heart after attack can prevent heart failure, and this will prevent sudden death of affected people, the research has been recognized and peer reviewed by the European Society of Cardiology.

Presence of Zika virus in cerebrospinal fluid

According to latest study, Zika virus can remain in cerebrospinal fluid, lymph nodes and colorectal tissue of infected rhesus monkeys for many weeks after clearing the virus.

Scientists infected 20 rhesus monkeys with Zika virus and cleared it within 7-10 days, the virus was present in their body fluids for more than 40 days.

The virus can remain in colorectal tissue for more than 70 days, immunologic data explained how Zika virus neutralizing antibodies related to the rapid control of the virus in plasma.

Viral regular presence in cerebrospinal fluid is related with the activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway, which can cause brain malformation.

Zika virus caused neurological deformation in children and adults, the presence of the virus at the central nervous system in human can cause other chronic diseases in future.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for depression

Depression is a condition of low mood and aversion to all activity that can affect thoughts and behavior.

It varies in people and it can cause different symptoms in different peoples, from low mood to suicidal thoughts.

New depression treatment involves the use of Transcranial Magnetic. Stimulation TMS to stimulate the brain in depressed people.

Different types of antidepressants can treat depression, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation TMS therapy is a good alternative for patients that do not like the side effects of antidepressants drugs.

TMS creates a deep magnetic pulse and targets the left pre-frontal cortex, this is recommended for patients that did not improve after using antidepressants drugs.

Risk of kidney failure after donation

Researchers have developed a risk calculator associated to development of kidney failure after donation.

Dorry Segev, of the Johns Hopkins University School of medicine examined information on 133,824 living kidney donors from 1987 to 2015.

They discovered that the risk of kidney failure was 1 case in 10,000 donors at 20 years after donation.

Black race and male sex were linked with 3 to 4 increased risks of developing kidney failure after donation.

Old age and higher body mass index are also associated with kidney failure after donation.

Relationship between height and blood pressure

High blood pressure is when blood flows through blood vessels at higher pressure than normal, it is also known as hypertension.

Experts at Finland said people that are short in stature are at the risk of high blood pressure.

Researchers took blood pressure measurement of 534 participants including men and women  that are not taking blood pressure drugs.

They discovered that blood pressure showed strong connection with height because, height determined pulse pressure irrespective of age, body fat and physical activity of the participants.

How the body fight viruses

Viruses are  very small infectious agents that reproduce and grow inside the living cells of other organisms.

Researchers from the University of Rochester Center for RNA Biology examined the role of piRNA in protecting the genetic information in germ cells.

piRNA is a type of ribonucleic acid that is in testes and ovaries, piRNA prevents genetic sequences of viral intruders from attacking testes and ovaries.

Defects or Mutations in piRNA can cause infertility in humans and others animals, scientists used rooster testes to test effects of piRNA.

They discovered that chicken harbour a lot of viruses and discovered that host of a virus can turn a virus into a source of strength to fight with other viruses in future.

Scientists discovered that chickens turn the old virus in their body to piRNA- producing machine. This shows that human and animal protect themselves by using old virus to protect themselves from new virus attack.

Nanoparticles can increase risk of heart attack

Regular inhaling of nanoparticles can increase your risk of developing heart attack and stroke.

Nanoparticles are small objects that can move from the atmosphere to the lungs and the bloodstream. They can build-up in disease blood vessels and worsen coronary heart disease.

Air pollution is responsible for deaths from heart attack and stroke, it damages human cardiovascular health.

We must avoid polluted area and keep our environment clean to avoid nanoparticles build-up.

Magnesium cream can cure high blood pressure

When blood flows through the blood vessels at higher pressure than normal is known as high blood pressure or hypertension.

Researchers from the University of Hertfordshire has discovered magnesium creams that can be used with drugs to cure high blood pressure.

Low magnesium in the body can create many health challenges including hypertension, using magnesium cream can increase magnesium levels in the body.

Magnesium cream is easy to use, so many people do not like taking magnesium pills or have difficulty ingesting the pills. The cream can be used easily everyday.

How Parkinson's disease start

Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement.

Bojing Liu of the Karolinska Instituet in Stockholm, Sweden and colleagues discovered that Parkinson's disease might start in the gut and move to the brain through the vagus nerve.

The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve, it has motor and sensory fibres because it passes through the neck to the abdomen.

Researchers analyzed registers in Sweden to compare 9,430 people who had a vagotomy over a 40 years to 377,200 people from the general population.

At that time, 101 people who had a vagotomy developed Parkinson's disease. After adjusting for condition
like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, vascular disease, rheumatologic disease and osteoarthritis.

People who had a truncal vagotomy five years earlier may not develop Parkinson's disease compare to those who had not had the surgery.

Those who will develop Parkinson's disease in future have a protein responsible for the disease in there gut.

How brain predicts speech

Neuroscientists explained how the brain predicts upcoming words and process speech

Neuroscientist at Newcastle University allow monkeys and humans to listen to sequences of spoken word from a make-up language.

Monkeys and humans were able to learn the relationship between the spoken sounds in the sequences.

Neural responses from the auditory cortex in human and monkey shows how neurons responded to speech and sounds.

The mechanism for speech in human brain works like predictive text on mobile phone, this shows what happened when brain failed to make fundamental predictions.

Chili peppers may reduce gut inflammation

Capsaicin is an active component of chili peppers that give them heat to targets a receptor in the gut and produces anandamide.

Anandamide produced by capsaicin reduces inflammation in the guts of mice, it summonings anti-inflammatory immune cells and reverse type 1 diabetes in rodents.

Chilli peppers and edible marijuana may provide treatment for type 1 diabetes and inflammation of the colon.

Capsaicin in chilli pepper attacks and attach to a receptor known as TRPVI that is present in gastrointestinal cells and produce more anandamide.

Artificial womb developed for premature babies

An artificial nutrient-rich amniotic fluid has been tested on foetal lambs equivalent to 161-days old foetus.

The artificial womb can give foetus the same protection woman womb can give; synthetic amniotic fluid that is full of nutrients flows in and out of the temperature-controlled container, it creates womb environment for premature foetus to develop their vital organs like lungs from 23 to 28 weeks.

Director of the Center for Fetal Research at the Children's hospital of Philadelphia, US, said the artificial womb will prevent illness suffered by premature babies by providing a medical technology that can create womb environment.

According to Dr Alan Flake, six preterm lambs were used to test the artificial womb, they could breathed and swallowed normally.

The animal grew wool and developed properly functioning nerves and organs, the artificial womb cannot replace woman's womb, the aim of developing artificial womb is  to help premature babies

Obesity can cause kidney cancer

Obesity is a condition of accumulating too much fat in the body that is having negative effects on health. Body Mass Index that is 30 or more is considered obese.

Consuming excess calories, sedentary lifestyle and endocrine disruptor are common causes of obesity. Obesity is associated with different types of cancer, kidney cancer is one of the cancer caused by obesity.

Insulin is made by the pancreas that allows breakdown of sugar from carbohydrates for energy, kidneys process insulin in the body.

Excess weight can cause insulin resistance, which can leads to high level of insulin, causing cells to divide rapidly.

Carrying excess weight put stress on kidneys and other vital organs in the body, eating more of fruits, vegetables and being active can reduce your risk of kidney cancer.

How genetics influence what we eat

Variation in genes are responsible for different food choices in different people. Gene variation that control how brain works may dictates foods we like to eat often.

Gene variation is the subtle DNA differences in different people that make them unique, it had impact on food preferences and diet plan.

Researchers examined genetics of 818 men and women and gather information about their diet and discovered that genes is responsible for diet choices.

Some genes in the body are responsible for salt and fat intake, this discovery leads to better understanding of why we eat what we eat and it can be used to minimize person's risk for common diseases.

Effects of walking on brain

Researchers at New Mexico Highlands University discovered that walking sends pressure waves through the arteries and increase blood supply to the brain.

 The research used non-invasive ultrasound to measure the internal carotid artery blood velocity waves and arterial diameters to obtain hemispheric cerebral blood flow to both sides of the brain of 12 healthy adults during standing test and walking.

They found that walking produces pressure waves in the body that increases blood flow to the brain.

Brain blood flow depends directly on aortic pressure that relate retrograde pressure pulses from foot impacts.

Nanoparticle vaccine can kill different types of cancer

Researchers at UT Medical Center has developed nanoparticle vaccine Immunotherapy that can kill different types of cancer.

Nanoparticle vaccines provide minuscule particles that activate the immune system to mount an immune response.

Vaccines normally use immune cells to get tumor antigens where it is located and move to the lymphoid organs for T cell activation.

Nanoparticle vaccines can go directly to the lymph nodes to activate the particular tumor immune responses.

Researchers tested many tumor models in mice like: colorectal cancer, melanoma, cancers of the cervix, head, neck and anogenital region.

Nanoparticle hinders tumor growth and increase the lifestyle of mice, this will be a suitable vaccine for patients with multiple cancer.

New drug for ovarian cancer

Cancerous growth that occurs in the ovary is ovarian cancer,  it occurs when cells in the ovaries grow and increase uncontrollably.

It is common in women who are more than 60 years, common symptoms are: abnormal vaginal bleeding, nausea, bloating and cramps in the abdomen.

Ovarian cancer returns in some women after treatment, researchers have discovered a new drug that can take care of the cancer completely.

Family history, age, hormone replacement therapy and endometriosis are the common risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Platinum-resistance ovarian cancer returns after six months of chemotherapy, the new drug targets folate receptor alpha-expressing cells and kills them through cytotoxicity.

Spermidine foods can prevent liver cancer

Cheese is one of the foods that contain spermidine, it is made from milk, it can be in different flavors. Eating cheese like Cheddar, Blue, Brie, Parmesan, Gouda and Gruyere can prevent liver disease. Spermidine in cheese prevents damaged liver cells from replicating.

Researchers used spermidine to treat mice, it increased their lifespan by 25 percent.

Apart from spermidine, researchers discovered that food like mushroom, soya, legumes and whole grains can increase lifespan.

Researchers suggested reduction of calories consumption, reducing animal protein and use of rapamycin can increase lifespan of liver patients.

Scientists from Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, encouraged liver patients to brush their teeth property because inflamed gums can breed bacteria in the mouth that can move to the liver.

Effects of therapies and lifestyle on diabetes

Diabetes affects blood sugar and caused serious health issues. In type 1 diabetes, the patients are not producing insulin. There is low sensitivity to insulin in type 2 diabetes.

Researchers have produced implantable device that protect beta cells in the pancreas, this device protected mouse's pancreatic beta cells from immune system attack.

Diet rich in fibre will slow down digestion of carbohydrates, regular consumption of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and protein can control type 2 diabetes.

Sedentary lifestyle is dangerous for diabetes patients, regular physical activities can manage the condition.

The size of the stomach may be a problem in portion control, bariatric surgery is recommended to reduce the size of the stomach and to alter hormones that cause weight gain.

When liver immune cells are weak

Fatty diet and obesity destroy liver immune system and result in type 2 diabetes.

Researchers at Toronto General Hospital Research Institute used mice cells and human livers to discover why liver of diabetes patients produce much glucose.

They discovered that obesity and fatty diet increased blood sugar, liver cells become pathogenic and destroy immune system.

Researchers fed mice with fatty diet for 4 months, they compared them with other mice and discovered that increased triglycerides in their blood and increase in CD8+ T cells in the liver.

The CD8+ T cells caused an inflammatory to bacterial components that moved to liver from the gut through the blood.

Scientists discovered cancer-related gene mutation

Cancer starts with production of abnormal cell growth of genetic mutation.

Researchers from University of Maryland led by Thomas Peterson examined similar mutations that are all over genome.

They used genetic data to examined subcomponents of protein domain and discovered that each domain carries out different roles and still share the same protein domain.

Researchers focused on mutations in one region of specific genes and mutations in similar region across families of protein.

Data about somatic variants from 5,848 patients was collected with some patients having 20 different types of cancers.

Detecting variants for tumorigenesis will expose the cause of tumour progression leads to production of drugs for families of genes that shows similar variation at functional level.

Animal protein may cause liver disease

There are more than 100 different types of liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD is when their is a build up fat in the liver cells that is not linked to consumption of alcohol.

Excess consumption of animal protein can cause NAFLD, when quantities of fat in liver is more than 10 percent of its total weight, then too much fat is affecting the functions of the liver.

 NAFLD can cause liver cirrhosis, cancer and dysfunction of the liver. Researchers examined adults to discover the contribution of diet on NAFLD.

Researchers collected data from 3,440 people, 30 percent were lean and 70 percent overweight. Ultrasound scan found NAFLD in 35 percent of the people examined.

The ultrasound result shows that animal protein is linked with NAFLD in overweight people. Diet rich in animal proteins and over processed food can disturb body homoeostasis, glucose metabolism and acid-based balance in the body.