Menopause occurs when a woman has not had her period for 12 months or more. This occurs when the ovaries stop producing or produce reduced amounts of female hormone, this is common in 40s or 50s.
The ovaries are small organs situated either side of the uterus. They produce hormones, such as estrogen and
progesterone, that control a woman's menstrual cycle.
Without ovaries to release hormones, a woman will go through menopause at an earlier time. This can have both short- and long-term effects on women that they should prepare for and be aware of.
Surgical menopause, which is also known as a bilateral oophorectomy, is a procedure in which a woman's ovaries are removed.
In most cases, the procedure involve a small cut in the lower abdomen to access and remove the ovaries.
Sometimes, a doctor will perform an oophorectomy along with other gynecological surgeries, including:
hysterectomy, which is the removal of the uterus
Salpingectomy, which is the removal of the fallopian tubes that are near the
ovaries, salpingo-oophorectomy, which is the removal of both the ovaries and the fallopian tubes.
There are several reasons why a doctor may perform an oophorectomy, which induces menopause. These include:
endometriosis, non-cancerous ovarian tumors or cysts.
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