How food influenced how fat is stored

Scan images reveal for the first time how weight is stored in the body. Compared to a low-fat diet, eating Mediterranean foods with a minimal-carbohydrates intake for lunch just three times a week significantly reduces fat storage around the heart and liver. Adopting a diet rich in vegetables, fruit and nuts also significantly reduces waist circumference.

 Moderate exercise combined with a Mediterranean/low carbohydrates diet may reduce the amount of some fat deposits. Moderate, but persistent, weight loss may have dramatic beneficial effects on fat deposits related to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Storing excess fat around the organs increases the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke.

The researchers analysed sedentary adults with abdominal obesity or abnormally high levels of lipids in their blood.The study's participants were given either a low-fat or Mediterranean-diet lunch at least three times a week for months. Both lunches contained the same number of calories. All of the participants also received a daily 28g snack of walnuts. Some of the participants were given free gym membership to complete moderate physical activity.

Whole-body MRI scans were taken at six and 18 months. Mediterranean diets reduce waist circumference and internal fat. Results reveal exercise combined with a Mediterranean diet significantly reduces fat storage around the heart and liver more than eating low-fat food.

Such a diet also decreases waist circumference. Weight loss is similar between people eating either diets. These findings suggest that moderate exercise combined with a Mediterranean/low carb diet may help reduce the amount of some fat deposits even if you don't lose significant weight as part of the effort.
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Impact of shift work on your health

According to the latest research, workers who regularly pull overnight shifts may be more prone to accumulation of excess weight. Many workers across the globe follow that work pattern, routinely working a night shift increases the risk of becoming obese or overweight.

Sleep disruption is responsible for the accumulation of excess weight, the human body is programmed to sleep when it is dark, allowing hormones that impact hunger and satiety to reset. When people are awake and working when they should be sleeping, the hormones related to hunger and satiety are active resulting in changes in eating, metabolism and a tendency to eat more than needed.

Sleep deprivation is a major stressor that should be avoided, working night shifts is working against natural biological clocks. According to the International Labour Organization, any schedule that requires working between 12 a.m. and 5 a.m. is considered night-shift work.

The review revealed that workers who are permanently assigned to overnight work are prone to accumulation of excess weight, compared with those who alternate between day and night shifts. The longer a worker engages in regular night-shift work, the higher the risk for gaining weight.

Abdominal obesity is linked to night-shift work, night-shift work is related to metabolic syndrome. The syndrome includes high blood pressure, high cholesterol and high triglyceride levels, and it drives up the risk for developing heart disease, diabetes and stroke.

According to the National Sleep Foundation, wakefulness naturally hits its lowest point between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m., at the center of a standard night shift. Night shifts also challenge a worker's ability to access good food and exercise regularly.
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How belly fat increases the risk of cancer

Protein released from fat in the body can change a non-cancerous cell into a cancerous one. The lower layer of abdominal fat is responsible for releasing the protein and increasing tumour growth.

Obesity has been linked to several types of cancers including breast, colon, prostate, uterine and kidney. Abdominal obesity and levels of a protein called fibroblast growth factor-2 may be an indicator of cells becoming cancerous.

There are two layers of belly fat: the top layer, known as subcutaneous fat, lies right under the skin, the layer under that, called visceral fat is harmful and cancerous. High fat diet produce larger amounts of the fibroblast growth factor-2, FGF2, protein when compared to the subcutaneous fat.

FGF2 stimulated certain cells that were already vulnerable to the protein and caused them to grow into tumours. When fat secretions have more of the FGF2 protein, more of the cells formed cancerous tumours.

Humans can make a non-tumorigenic cell malignantly change into a tumorigenic cell by eating high fatty foods. Healthy lifestyle, eating fruits and vegetables, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and drinking of alcohol can prevents fat belly and reduce risk of developing cancer.
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Belle fat and your health

The size of your belly fat could be used to measure your chances of having heart failure and type 2 diabetes.
Thickness of the fat around the abdomen could be used to detect the likelihood of suffering from obesity.

Abdominal obesity is linked to heart failure and metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions that lead to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

The researchers said Electrical Impedance Tomography EIT imaging could be used to get more accurate measurements of the thickness of the fat around the abdomen.

Result of the measurement could allow doctors to make more accurate evaluations about the potential risk of conditions linked to abdominal obesity.

High deposition of fat tissue in the abdominal area has been associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer.

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