Facts about gullet cancer

The gullet, also known as oesophagus is the tube that carries food from mouth to stomach. Smoking, persistent acid reflux, drinking of alcohol, being overweight and obese can cause gullet cancer.

There are two types of gullet cancer – squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma. Eating foods low in fruit and vegetables can also increase the risk of developing gullet cancer.

If the disease is detected early it is possible to be cured. However, because the disease doesn’t usually cause symptoms until a later stage, it can be quite developed before it is detected.

The main symptom of gullet cancer are difficulty swallowing, heartburn, vomiting, weight loss, loss of appetite, chest pain, croaky voice, fatigue and dark poo.

Advanced stage of gullet cancer can spread to another part of the body.
Tumor that has not spread beyond the gullet can be treated with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery.

For squamous and adenocarcinoma cell cancer, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and chemoradiotherapy are recommended as the first treatment. Surgery may be used after checking the result of the chemoradiotherapy.

Bowel cancer can be prevented by avoiding smoking, eating fruits and vegetables, avoiding alcohol and seeking medical help when you have heart burn and when you experience any form of difficulty in swallowing food.
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Diet rich in sugar multiply cancer in the body

A sugar rich diet may be fuelling various forms of cancer, tumours thrive off sugar, using it as energy to mutate and spread across the body.

Now scientists have shown one type of cancer - which can be found in the lungs, head and neck, oesophagus and cervix - has more of a sweet tooth than others.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) was more dependent on sugar to grow,
This form of the disease used higher levels of a protein that carries glucose to cells to enable them to multiply.

Excessive sugar consumption can leads to diabetes and cancer, because some cancers dependent on sugar to grow.
Without a sufficient supply of the sugar, cells in the body can not function properly.

Cancer Research UK make clear that cancerous cells aren't just dependent on sugar for their growth, as they rely on amino acids and fats also.

The new findings came after researchers looked into the differences between two major subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer - adenocarcinoma (ADC) and SqCC.

About one quarter of all lung cancers are SqCC, which has been difficult to treat with targeted therapies.
The study first tapped into The Cancer Genome Atlas, which maps information about 33 types of cancer gathered from more than 11,000 patients.

Based on that data, it found a protein responsible for transporting glucose into cells was present in significantly higher levels in lung SqCC than in lung ADC.

The protein, called glucose transporter 1, or GLUT1, takes up glucose into cells, where the sugar provides a fundamental energy source and fuels cell metabolism.
GLUT1 is also necessary for normal cell function.